Marijuana Business Magazine October 2018

W hen it comes to the most efficient method of cannabis extraction, if you want to create a high-quality distillate, ethanol extraction is hard to beat. It’s great for processing a lot of marijuana to extract a single cannabi- noid, like THC or CBD. The process requires a minimal number of intermediary steps to create a crude oil that will be potent enough for your needs. According to Makoso at Lucid Labs, it's possible with ethanol to extract thousands of pounds of cannabis per day using a single machine with a few add-ons to control the conditions. He likened the process to a giant tea bag and teacup. In the simplest form, Makoso said, you can take huge vats (or cups) of ethanol and dunk large bags of marijuana in the vats. The efficiency and scale are limited only by the size of the cups and the size of the bags. “The throughput of a CO 2 extrac- tion process is much slower,” Makoso said. “Hydrocarbon can be done really quickly, in decent volumes, and get really good, high-end product in short periods of time. Ethanol extraction, even more so.” Compared to CO 2 , Claywolf ’s Clay- pool believes hydrocarbon extraction is far more efficient, particularly when it comes to energy use. “We use very little electricity,” Clay- pool said. “Our electricity bill is only a couple hundred bucks a month.” Using hydrocarbons, he’s able to do 18 production runs in 24 hours. By contrast, his sister company, Tozmoz in Clackamas, Oregon, can complete about three runs in the same time frame using a CO 2 extraction machine. Abernathy said Xtracted can process 15 pounds in a little over an hour using hydrocarbons. “We find it to be the most efficient process,” Abernathy said, though he conceded that ethanol also has its advantages. “What I’m trying to do is replicate the essence of the flower; that’s why we use hydrocarbons.” Wilhoit of Puffin Farms acknowl- edged using CO 2 isn’t the most effi- cient process, but to him it’s worth it to create a terpene-rich extract. Verdict: Ethanol extraction is the most efficient at capturing simple cannabinoids, while hydrocarbon is most efficient at capturing the essence of the whole plant. ◆ – Bart Schaneman GETTING A GRIP ON EFFICIENCY The quality of plant material has a big impact on the success of extracts. More resinous flower tends to yield better extraction results. Photo by Matthew Staver EXTRACTION SMACKDOWN 64 • Marijuana Business Magazine • October 2018